Extracytoplasmic Function σ Factors Come of Age
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Regulation of Energy Metabolism by the Extracytoplasmic Function (ECF) σ Factors of Arcobacter butzleri
The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factors are fundamental for bacterial adaptation to distinct environments and for survival under different stress conditions. The emerging pathogen Arcobacter butzleri possesses seven putative pairs of σ/anti-σ factors belonging to the ECF family. Here, we report the identification of the genes regulated by five out of the seven A. butzleri ECF σ factors. T...
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Bacillus subtilis encodes seven extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factors. Three (σ(M), σ(W), and σ(X)) mediate responses to cell envelope-active antibiotics. The functions of σ(V), σ(Y), σ(Z), and σ(YlaC) remain largely unknown, and strong inducers of these σ factors and their regulons have yet to be defined. Here, we define transcriptomic and phenotypic differences under nonstress conditions ...
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Bacteria need signal transducing systems to respond to environmental changes. Next to one- and two-component systems, alternative σ factors of the extra-cytoplasmic function (ECF) protein family represent the third fundamental mechanism of bacterial signal transduction. A comprehensive classification of these proteins identified more than 40 phylogenetically distinct groups, most of which are n...
متن کاملThe extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors.
Bacterial sigma (sigma) factors are an essential component of RNA polymerase and determine promoter selectivity. The substitution of one sigma factor for another can redirect some or all of the RNA polymerase in a cell to activate the transcription of genes that would otherwise be silent. As a class, alternative sigma factors play key roles in coordinating gene transcription during various stre...
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Sixteen years ago, the discovery of a newly formed, ectopic centromere in a human [1,2] was a turning point for centromere research. Whereas previously centromeres had been thought of as immovable and unchanging, embedded in vast tracts of tandemly repeated DNA, this new centromere—or neocentromere—lacked any characteristic centromeric DNA sequences and had formed in a gene-rich area of the gen...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Microbe Magazine
سال: 2010
ISSN: 1558-7452,1558-7460
DOI: 10.1128/microbe.5.164.1